Great Wall of China Essay If You Have a Writer’s Block

Extraordinary Wall of China Essay If You Have a Writer’s Block The Great Wall of China can be equitably considered one of the structure supernatural occurrences that make due in present day world. There is such a great amount to state about it in your Great Wall of China exposition that you may be lost at all the choices. We have amassed some of them for you to consider and to pick one for your Great Wall of China exposition. Incredible Wall of China Essay: Option #1 The Great Wall of China is a one of a kind design development, unparalleled in present day world. In your Great Wall of China article, you can decide to direct a verifiable and design examination of this awesome stronghold. Follow recorded sources with regards to when and by whom the Great Wall of China was worked, just as what work it performed. Did it achieve its defensive capacities? Has it stayed in a similar condition during that time or was it reconstructed from various materials? These are only a portion of the numerous inquiries to consider in your Great Wall of China paper. Extraordinary Wall of China Essay: Option #2 Protection of chronicled legacy is one of the key undertakings for the informed individuals these days. You can committed your Great Wall of China exposition to conversation of the condition of the Great Wall of China. Has it saved totally? Is it secured by law? Is it consistently kept up? What ought to be done to let our descendants consider it to be a similar magnificence as it is currently? Extraordinary Wall of China Essay: Option #3 There has been a ton of debate on the perceivability of the Great Wall of China from space. In your Great Wall of China exposition you can follow the reports on this issue and harp on the issue. What ends do you reach from your exploration? Is the Great Wall of China obvious from space or not?

Character Sketch in Composition

Character Sketch in Composition In piece, a character sketch is a concise portrayal in composition of a specific individual or sort of individual. Recorded as a hard copy one, you go into the characters way, unmistakable attributes, nature, and the way that individual carries on oneself. Its likewise called a profile or character examination and doesnt essentially must be about an anecdotal character. Step by step instructions to Approach a Character Sketch Despite the fact that its an instructive kind of paper, a character sketch doesnt must be dry and just unmistakable. It can likewise intrigue or engage the peruser or commendation the subject, notes creator R.E. Myers. The realities, attributes, mannerisms, and achievements of the subject give the texture of the character sketch. Accounts and statements are likewise useful in depicting the subject. You can pressure the subjects character, appearance, character or accomplishments. (Figures of Speech: A Study and Practice Guide. Showing Learning Company, 2008) On the off chance that breaking down an anecdotal character, you can likewise go into the people clashes, how the individual changes, their disposition toward others, and job in the story. You can list the people different preferences and how you feel about the character. In the event that the character is the storyteller, you can examine whether the individual is a problematic storyteller. A character sketch can likewise be satiric, as in work by creators, for example, Evelyn Waugh (1903â€1966) and Thomas Pynchon (1933â€) or advanced TV sit-coms. As an arrangement, a satiric sketch would probably should be written in the characters voice and perspective to work. Utilization of a Character Sketch Other than being a paper type that understudies write in piece classes, fiction writers can utilize character draws in their prewriting or drafting phases of short stories or books as a way to build up the individuals wholl possess the world theyre making. Authors who plan arrangement (or even the individuals who simply wind up composing a continuation of a fruitful story) can discover character draws valuable as a referenceâ for keeping up consistency of detail or voice, if the character winds up being a storyteller in the resulting work or has a specific vocal tic, slang jargon, language use, or complement. Regularly the demonstration of taking on the characters voice in a sketch will help the creator in finding parts of the character and fleshing that person out to be progressively reasonable. Character representations can likewise be an errand to take a shot at when stuck for a plot point, characters inspiration to push the plot ahead, or mentality/response toward a contention o r occasion. In true to life composing, character representations can be helpful for biographers or highlight article authors as a prewriting device and as illustrative material to dig for the completed work. Models Annie Dillards Sketch of Her Childhood Friend Judy Schoyer My companion Judy Schoyer was a flimsy, muddled, timid young lady whose thick fair twists lapped over her glasses. Her cheeks, jaw, nose, and blue eyes were round; the focal points and edges of her glasses were round, as were her overwhelming twists. Her long spine was graceful; her legs were long and meager so her knee socks tumbled down. She couldn't have cared less if her knee socks tumbled down. At the point when I originally knew her, as my colleague at the Ellis School, she some of the time neglected to brush her hair. She was so timid she tended not to move her head, yet just let her eyes wander about. On the off chance that my mom tended to her, or an educator, she held her long-legged stance gently, alert, similar to a grovel prepared to jolt yet trusting its cover will work somewhat more. (An American Childhood. Harper Row, 1987.) Bill Barichs Sketch of a Publican The publican, Peter Keith Page, lives with his family in a level on the subsequent floor. Page is a fiftyish man, thin and all around custom-made, whose way may be portrayed as contemplatively enchanting. His mustache and hair are tinged with reddish, and this, alongside a sharp nose and jawline, makes him look somewhat like a fox. He appreciates jokes, unobtrusive conversations,â double entendres. At the point when he takes one of his turns behind the bar, he works at a deliberate pace, regularly delaying to ask after his supporters wellbeing and prosperity. (At the Fountain. In Traveling Light. Viking, 1984.) Sources David F. Venturo, The Satiric Character Sketch. In A Companion to Satire: Ancient and Modern, ed. by Ruben Quintero. Blackwell, 2007.

How to Host a Website Inc Domains, Hosting Site Content!

How to Host a Website Inc Domains, Hosting Site Content! .elementor-19992 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19992{text-align:center}Last Updated on January 21, 2020Planning to learn how to host a website?Congratulations! Disclosure As an independent review site, we get compensated if you purchase through the referral links or coupon codes on this page â€" at no additional cost to you. Dismiss alert We have scouted around for all the details you need to make this a success, and by the time you reach the end of this article, you will have gathered everything you need to know about how to create a website, even if you feel like a freshman at this.Hey! Ive negotiated a SPECIAL 62% OFF DISCOUNT with HOSTGATOR EXCLUSIVELY for you, my blog readers, so your hosting costs can be as low as $2.64 per month! GET HOSTING FOR ONLY 2.64/MONTH HERE You wont get a better deal anywhere like this! Hurry! This is for a limited time only! Join the FREE TrainingDo You Want To Learn How To Build 6 Figures Authority Sites?Join This Free Training To...Fina lly have a proven method to finding profitable nichesGet access to a foolproof keyword research methodLearn how to outsource quality contentLearn how to build white hat links to your site without headaches Offer ends until end of March 2020 only!Table of Contents Understanding how to host a website5 ways to host your website1. Shared hosting2. Dedicated server hosting3. VPS hosting (Virtual Private Server)4. Cloud based hostingChoosing the right web hostPricingTechnical supportUptime guaranteeExit termsBackup servicesEase of accessSpecialitiesAddonsUnderstanding what a domain name isChoosing the right domain name for your websiteRegistering a domain nameWhat does it cost to host your website?Understanding how to host a websiteEver heard of the web? Think of it as a vast unending piece of land. Your website will need a home and it’s on this land that you have to find it a home. So web hosting basically refers to a place where all website owners store their websites. Your essenti al files, from documents to videos to images will all be kept in a web host.Web hosts are the companies that rent out their servers/computers for use by people like you who need space to store your website. Besides, they offer internet connectivity so as to enable other computers to access what you have on your website.More often than not, you will run into the term web hosting which could be interpreted to mean either the hosting company or the server hosting your website. So don’t let that throw you into a confusion. You will also come across another term ‘data center’ in your communications with your web hosts. To put it simply, that’s just a facility where the servers are stored. Learn more about data centers by watching the video below. It takes you through a tour of the hosting.com data center in Denver. 5 ways to host your websiteWeb hosting services are categorized into plans. So when you start to hunt for a plan to get your website set up, it’s easy to be overwh elmed by the long list of all available options.Not all of them are good for you, so rather than looking up to a marketer to tell you what’s right for you, it’s best if you understand the details under each hosting option. Here’s a short list of the hosting options we are going to cover briefly. Shared hosting Dedicated hosting VPS hosting (Virtual Private Server) Cloud based hosting Managed hosting1. Shared hostingOf all the available forms of hosting, Shared hosting is currently the most common. On top of that, it’s the least expensive of all. Under shared hosting, various web hosting clients have to share everything from the same computer. All the hosting accounts are kept in the same drive run by the same CPU. Same web server also delivers all the services.In short, all the websites under the shared hosting accounts compete for the same resources which, more often than not, are scarce. So having a popular or huge site put under this hosting might not go we ll with you.Downsides: Potential for site crashing Downtime and performance lags when you share the server with a popular site Not enough customizable options (but perfect for basic WordPress blog) Security risks due to sharing of the same IP address. If one of you misbehaves and ends up being blacklisted by search engines or marked by email filters, all of you stand to be affected.2. Dedicated server hostingA dedicated server hosting comes with a lot of great features. First off, with such a plan, you get full control over the whole server, which means you can modify the operating system, adjust the configuration settings, change the language interpreters and so much more. Of course this comes at a higher cost.If you look to setting up an enterprise management system, then this the plan that lets you have the control and ability to run that. Since the server is all yours, this means that overall performance is going to be excellent. Your website will also be more secure .The only major downside to this form of hosting is that it’s expensive.3. VPS hosting (Virtual Private Server)Just as the name puts it, the server is simply a virtual machine. It’s not physical, unlike the two we’ve looked at. What’s good though is that this plan lets you have complete control of things, just as it is with a dedicated server. So if you look to coming up with custom applications or other related businesses, VPS is a great option.Even though all these virtual machines share server resources, in a VPS environment, they are much few as opposed to a shared hosting environment. Your portion is pretty huge which means that the bandwidth and computing power are pretty much sizeable. Security is also guaranteed. Even though you might share the same IP address, presence of a virtualization layer gives you immunity against issues emanating from other sites.4. Cloud based hostingCloud based hosting is the kind of hosting you need if you expect to hit, on average, tens of thousands of visitors a day and sometimes an unpredictable amount of visitors that goes beyond that. All the other hosting forms we’ve looked at actually have a set limit. All of them come with limitations, from the memory size it can use to storage limits and even the maximum amount of each can handle.But with cloud hosting, your website will be able to take high traffic or unexpected traffic spikes. The hosting companies attempt to balance resource usage based on the available computer power. Soon as the usage goes up, maybe because one site has recorded a surge in traffic, the systems responds accordingly but limits itself to what the entire system can handle.What’s good about this form of hosting is that one pays for what they really use. So if you can’t afford expensive web hosting, this is the best option for you.One downside to this form of hosting is that most of them lack root access. Root access is what you will require if you wish to change server settings or add some software.So in learning how to host your own website, you need to have all these knowledge about hosting plans at the edge of your mind.Choosing the right web host Get hosting for $2.64/month here! You are not yet done on making choices. Now that you know what to expect, the next task is to look out for a great web hosting company. A quick search on the search engines will bring a long list, each luring you with sweet offers and promising heaven. Interestingly, each one of them insists on offering unlimited resources, access to friendly and knowledgeable support staff, 99.9% uptime, name it, but it’s a huge mistake to trust them right away.So we’ve rolled up a few important things that will assist you to reach a correct decision. Take a look.PricingPrice is a big deal to many of us but should it be the ultimate factor in deciding who to host your website with?Absolutely not!More often than not, the cheaply priced hosting packages don’t pack much. Many of them lack the key features that can assist you to set up your website fast and with ease. So rather than basing your decision on price alone, take it a little further and scrutinize the features each host offers under each package then compare the rates to reach a decision.Technical supportGranted, you expect your website to be on top of things but that doesn’t mean it’s going to be 100% fine all the time. Sometimes you will run into technical hitches like email issues or the site going down. At this point, you will need quick technical help to solve the problem. So look around at what the web hosting company’s customers say about their support staff.Do they speak your language? Do they offer 24/7 technical support? Find answers to all these questions.Uptime guaranteeDon’t just take their word for it. Look at the reviews from their customers to see if anyone has raised an issue against their uptime guarantee. What about their reputation in regards to uptime?Also, inquire to find out if t hey have multiple backup locations for their servers as this usually helps in ensuring 99.9% uptime. The last thing you wish to see is your site not being visible to visitors.Exit termsYou may reach a point and decide, well, now that I know how to host my own website, it’s time to shift gears and see what it feels like to host with these other companies. So before you choose your web host, read their terms of service and understand what their requirements are when one decides to move their domain name to another host.Backup servicesBackup is so important when you own a website. Anything could happen and you might end up losing all your data. Alternatively, you might decide to delete it only to realize later that you deleted important files and you need them as soon as possible.Some web hosts offer adequate backup services such as automatic backups, it could be daily or hourly. So watch out what the company offers in relation to this.Ease of accessNot all web hosting companies will let you have access to your website anytime and anywhere. Some even put a limit on what you can access. Well, these are the companies you should avoid. Ensure the web host you choose can let you access the server and make changes whether it’s in your email, server settings, name it.SpecialitiesSome web hosts have spaces where they specialize best and have a huge following. Most common spaces include blogging, small business, growing business, and e-commerce.A quick search on the web should show you what most of the host’s customers are. Having a host who understands the needs of your industry is a great addition to the success of your website.AddonsHere’s where you need to be so attentive. What else does the hosting company offer besides just hosting your website?Look out for email accounts, email forwarding features, regular data backups, free domain policy, name it. If you find that they offer all these things mostly at no charge, then don’t hesitate to register for their services.So go right ahead and pick a web host that meets all these requirements. Get hosting for $2.64/month here! Understanding what a domain name isSomething else so important you will need besides a hosting account is a domain name. Your website will need identity and that’s what we refer to as a domain name. Examples of domains include facebook.com, google.com, twitter.com or gmail.com.Bear in mind that this domain will also make a section of your customized email address, for instance, [emailprotected] When you have the right domain, you give your website a high chance to be successful. A bad domain can have far-reaching effects, worse being that it could stifle the growth of your business in the case of professional/business websites.Choosing the right domain name for your websiteChoosing a domain name is a one-time decision. Whatever you choose is what you are going to live with for the time you will be using the website. It’s actually not any different to choosing a company name. You need to put in a lot of effort, thoughts, and every other thing you need to arrive at a good decision.Below we’ve simplified what needs to be done just to be on the correct path of finding your ideal domain.Make it shortHow the human mind works is a question of hard science and unending debates but what many of us know is that it hates long and complicated things. It’s more receptive to simple things which is why you should make sure your domain name is simple and short.Include keywordsKeywords are so friendly to search engines and that’s why you should think of placing them somewhere in that domain name. But don’t do it directly because recent google algorithms seem to work against that.Tweak them a little bit, throw in an additional letter. That will do the trick, and your website will likely be friendly to search engines.Keep away from funny charactersFunny characters include things such as hyphens, numbers, and other unusual punctuation marks. If someo ne asks you the name of your website and you tell them verbally “two five three hot dot com”, when they get down to searching it, they won’t know whether you meant 253hot.com or twofivethreehot.com. So to avoid this kind of confusion, stick to what’s simple and straight.Make it memorableStatistics estimate the current number of websites in the world to be well over 1 billion. Think about that then think of all those billions of domain names. How do you make yours stand out? Well, indulge your friends, family, and other parties and seek their suggestion. Make the name not only memorable but also catchy and appealing.Target areas or audienceIf you run a business and you want your specific location or audience to be known, consider including that in your name. You can make it appear as roofrepairtexas.com or carhiretexas.com.Pick an appropriate extensionThere are so many extensions you can opt to use from .com, .net, .org, .biz to .me, .info, .co and many others. Each one of th em holds different weight in relation to different significant factors so ensure you pick wisely. The best advice would be, choose a .com extension because that’s what’s popular, reputable and able to fit different situations.Tools such as instant domain search or PC names can help you search to find out if a particular domain name is available.Registering a domain nameNext you need to buy a domain name now that you’ve finally found something suitable.Some web hosts will let you register one for free as you purchase a hosting account from them. Most of the commercial web hosts do this. Others will opt to do it on your behalf if you wish, but for this, you will have to pay the registrar fees still.If you choose to buy from a domain registrar, you will have to foot the cost. After that, you will have all the rights to that domain name for the amount of time you will have paid for it. It’s always advisable that you register your domain directly with the registrar as that will l ist you as the owner.In the past, there have been cases where people complained that the web host they left to register a domain on their behalf listed themselves as the owners. You don’t wish that to happen to you.Depending on the company you choose, you might pay anywhere between $10-$15 per year for the typical .com domains. Some of the well-known sites where you can purchase your domain from include: HostGator.com NameCheap.com GreenGeeks Our pick for a reliable domain name registrar Alternatively, you can go buy an already registered domain, commonly known as an aftermarket domain.An aftermarket domain is one that someone already registered or perhaps failed to renew. Some cost up to tens of millions of dollars. The average price ranges between $3000- $9000. Prices for these domains mostly rely on the keywords and the age of the domain name.Some of the well-known aftermarket domain markets include: Namejet.com Sedo.com Auction.Godaddy.com AfterMa rket.com DomainNameSales.comWhat does it cost to host your website? Get hosting for $2.64/month here! Just knowing how to host a website isn’t enough. You also need to know what it costs to do so. When it comes to hosting, you have a variety of options to choose from you can even host websites for free, but its not a good idea). Remember them? Each plan attracts a different rate and so it’s up to the individual or business to figure out what suits them.Shared hosting is probably the most affordable of all. If you look to setting up a simple blog or a professional website for your small business, then this is the ideal plan for you. You can pay as low as $50/year for shared hosting.But when your blog or business starts to branch out you will need to move to a different hosting, probably a dedicated server hosting or a VPS hosting. Expect to fork out at least $29.99 per month for VPS hosting and a minimum of $99.99/ month for dedicated server hosting. Dedicated server hostin g has to be the most expensive of all hosting forms.Design: You will certainly want your website to have an imposing look and for that, you will have to invest in a great design. You can get a pre-made theme, most of which are free. But if you decide to buy, you can pay anything between $0- $100. Custom themes tend to be a little more expensive ($500-$3000). You might also need professional images or graphics, which can cost you between $15- $20, but you can also pick up free images for websites that are of good quality if you know where to look.Content: Content is king, they say. If you decide to come up with it, good for you. However, should you decide to hire a writer, expect to pay a few dollars for that. Rates vary from writer to writer. You can also hire an agency to that for you, but make sure that whoever you hire is knowledgeable about how to write website content for SEO and humans.ConclusionIf at the start of this article you knew zilch on how to host a website, right now should be that moment you want to pat yourself on the back.If you wish, you can go through this again and again just to get a deeper understanding of what each area means, from understanding web hosts, learning the different types of web hosting and how to select the right one to knowing what a domain is, how to choose the right one and going ahead to register it.Having also known how much it costs to set up a website, ensure you plan for well for it. Align your needs to your budget so as not to end up spending more than is necessary. Lastly, remember to put in more effort in digging up all the information you need to know about a company or an item. Read more reviews by real people and what users in forums have to say about specific elements of web hosting.HostGator, for instance, has garnered remarkable reviews and high ratings from satisfied users all over the web. For your web hosting needs, be sure to try them out. See the special deal we got with HostGator here!

How to Find the Phoenix Constellation

The Phoenix constellation is a southern-hemisphere star pattern. Named after the mythical bird, Phoenix is part of a larger grouping of southern-hemisphere constellations referred to as the Southern Birds. Finding Phoenix To locate Phoenix, look toward the southern region of the southern hemisphere sky. Phoenix is located between the constellations Eridanus (the River), Grus (the crane), and Horologium, the clock. Parts of the constellation are visible to northern hemisphere observers south of the 40th parallel, but the best view is reserved for those living well south of the equator.   Phoenix constellation is a galaxy-hunters delight, with a number of galaxies and clusters. Click to enlarge. Carolyn Collins Petersen The Story of Phoenix In China, this constellation was considered part of the nearby Sculptor star pattern and was viewed as a fish-catching net. In the Middle East, the constellation was called Al Rial and Al Zaurak, the latter of which means the boat. This terminology makes sense, as the constellation is located nearby to Eridanus, the river constellation. In the 1600s, Johann Bayer named the constellation Phoenix and recorded it in his astronomical charts. The name came from the Dutch term Den voghel Fenicx or The Bird Phoenix. French explorer and astronomer Nicolas de Lacaille also charted Phoenix and applied Bayer designations to the brightest stars in the pattern.   The Stars of Phoenix The main part of Phoenix looks like a triangle and a lopsided quadrangle stuck together. The brightest star is called Ankaa, and its official designation is alpha Phoenicis (alpha indicates the brightness). The word Ankaa comes from Arabic and means Phoenix. This star is an orange giant located about 85 light-years away from the Sun. The second brightest star, beta Phoenicis, is actually a pair of yellow giant stars in orbit around a common center of gravity. Other stars in Phoenix form the shape of a boats keel. The official constellation assigned by the International Astronomical Union contains many more stars, some of which appear to have planetary systems around them. The constellation Phoenix as shown in the official IAU charts. IAU/Sky Publishing Phoenix is also the radiant for a pair of meteor showers called the December Phoenicids and the July Phoenicids. The December shower occurs from November 29 until December 9; its meteors come from the tail of comet 289P/Blanpain. The July shower is very minor and occurs from July 3 to July 18 each year.   Deep-Sky Objects in Phoenix Located in the far south position in the sky, Phoenix is far from the Milky Ways abundant star clusters and nebulae. Nevertheless, Phoenix is a galaxy hunters delight, with numerous types of galaxies to explore. Amateur stargazers with a decent telescope will be able to view NGC 625, NGC 37, and a group of four called Roberts Quartet: NGC 87, NGC 88, NGC 89, and NGC 92. The quartet is a compact galaxy group about 160 million light-years away from us.   The Phoenix Cluster galaxies seen in x-ray, visible light, and ultraviolet wavelengths. X-ray: NASA/CXC/MIT/M.McDonald et al; Optical: NASA/STScI; Radio: TIFR/GMRT Professional astronomers study these galaxies in an effort to understand how such giant associations of galaxies exist. The biggest one in the area is the Phoenix Cluster: 7.3 million light-years across and located 5.7 billion light-years away. Discovered as part of the South Pole Telescope collaboration, the Phoenix Cluster contains a highly active central galaxy that produces hundreds of new stars per year. Although it cant be seen with amateur telescopes, an even larger cluster exists in this region, too: El Gordo. El Gordo is comprised of two smaller galaxy clusters colliding with each other.

Graduation Speech Growing Up Math - 811 Words

Growing up math wasn’t a subject I was very fond of, albeit, I didn’t like it personally, I feel like you should make it regaling for children to comprehend. I don’t remember much of being in primary school, but I do remember an activity that of found fun. I recall in 4th grade I had a teacher, Mrs. Garza, she was such a lovely lady, I recollect this activity we did in class. She would have us pretend that we were chefs creating different kinds of pizzas. Mrs. Garza had each student in the pretend that they were the chefs. The students had to decide what kind of pizza they wanted and turn them into fractions. The students were then able to cut out pieces of colored construction paper to make the topping for the pizza. For each pizza, were†¦show more content†¦This experiment explains the way that the water cycle works. It’s these experiments that teach the children to understand and to visually see exactly how things work. I have thought of many ways to make my future students understand math and science in the most educational and fun way as possible. From what I remember/seen from elementary school, teacher try their absolute best to help the children in fun and educational ways. No one wants to be that boring or monotone teacher. Young students are fun and energetic, to understand each other, you need to be at the same level as the children. What I would do is, participate in projects, incorporate mystery in my lessons, avoid doing the same thing every single day, she the children that your passion for teaching, ask questions, replace lectures with conversations on topics, and making myself available for all the students and parents. Learning is supposed to be fun, exciting, and surprising. Talk to your student like you’re having a conversation about the subject, instead of lecturing. Always start the day with a question and work throughout the day to have children answer that question when t he lesson is complete. I’d want to show the children that learning can be fun, and it comes with passion, if you’re having a good time so are you children. I am willing toShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Education1505 Words   |  7 Pageshis/her diploma because he/she has a good theoretical base. Adaptability is becoming more important than ever in the workplace. In addition, education is the first step towards independence. In Michelle Obama’s â€Å"Bowie State University Commencement Speech,† she explained that â€Å"Education means emancipation†¦. The only light by which men can be free†¦. It meant economic independence† (289). Obama’s comments on the importance of education to our freedom and intellectual development are accurate. 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Read MoreA World Without Discrimination, Injustices And Racism1792 Words   |  8 Pageswho graduated with a law degree from the University of Moscow during the 1900’s. He became interested in the education for the physically disabled. He later traveled to Leningrad to deliver a lecture on the psychology of consciousness. His wonderful speech landed him a position at the Moscow Institute of Psychology. He became very popular and many people became interested in his ideas of the new Psychology he proposed to his generation. â€Å" He led a group of young Marxists on a mission--to create a psychology

Juvenile Delinquency Theories - 2088 Words

Juvenile Delinquency Theories Through an understanding of causes of juvenile delinquency society may come to deal preventively with delinquency; certainly treatment of the offender needs to be based upon an understanding of the causal mechanisms that have produced him. In this paper well describe three theories of juvenile delinquency such as Social Learning Theory, General Strain Theory and Behavioral Theory and discuss appropriate preventive programs based upon these theories. In 1977 Albert Bandura, a Stanford University psychology professor, published Social Learning Theory, in which he postulated that human learning is a continuous reciprocal interaction of cognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors. Sometimes called†¦show more content†¦Operant conditioning developed by Skinner is one of the learning methods according to which the likelihood of behavior is increased or decreased by the use of reinforcement or punishment. In case of positive reinforcement a certain behavior becomes stronger by the effect of experiencing some positive condition. In case of negative reinforcement a certain behavior becomes stronger by the outcome of stopping or staying away from some negative condition. In case of extinction a certain behavior is becomes weaker by the outcome of avoiding to experiencing some positive condition or stopping some negative condition. Negative and positive reinforcements and extinction strengthen certain kinds of behavior of individuals. Punishment is a big form of operant conditioning used all over the world. When people are punished, it is to decrease that certain behavior produced by the individual. Therefore, behavioral theory refers to conditioning which leads to different behavioral pattern of juvenile offenders. Preventive programs based on the social learning theory require placing an individual in favorable environment where he/she would be less tempted to imitate violent behavior. One of the examples of such environment is the social services of the church. The actual role of contemporary religion in delinquency prevention is not easy to evaluate. Its potential role is tremendous, but the fulfillment ofShow MoreRelatedTheories of Juvenile Delinquency703 Words   |  3 PagesTheories of Juvenile Delinquency Juvenile delinquency is a threat to society and accordingly, the need to develop an understanding of the deviant behavior is of an utmost importance. There are several theories that explain delinquency and collectively, they provide a greater understanding for administrators and policy makers that are essential in developing programs and treatments that reduce juvenile delinquency and minimize its impact on our societies. This paper will discuss two prominent theoriesRead MoreThe Theory Of Juvenile Delinquency889 Words   |  4 Pagescould such a terrifying act but researches how found a couple of theories that could be the possible reason for this chaos. The theories of delinquent life course pretty much is the backbone of many other more specific theories in the studying of juvenile delinquency. Next in the book is the latent trait theory, which explains the flow of delinquency over a lifetime. Finally the third theory is a mix of latent trait and life course theory which states there is more then one path to crime and more thanRead MoreTheories Of Juvenile Delinquency798 Words   |  4 Pages Gabrielle Earle CRJ3003 Juvenile Delinquency SU01 Professor Mia Briggs South University-Online Campus December 12, 2017 †¢ Provide brief descriptions of at least three theories. Include an analysis of how each theorist views delinquency and its causes. Clifford Shaw: Clifford Shaw applied Sutherland’s theory of systematic criminal behavior, and claimed that delinquency was not caused at the individual level, but is a normal response by normal individualsRead MoreThe Labeling Theory For Juvenile Delinquency1577 Words   |  7 PagesThe Labeling Theory The labeling theory addresses deviants and puts concern on behaviors that other theories do not. Most theories are primarily concerned with why individuals commit more crime. Rather than analyzing the occurrence of crimes among social groups, the labeling theory challenge us to truly understand deviants and what it means to be categorized as a deviant individual. Unlike the control theories that assumes all of us must be held in check or â€Å"controlled† if we are to resist the temptationRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency And The Social Control Theory940 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile delinquency is very prevalent especially among adolescents because studies have shown that during the time of adolescence that is when delinquency tends to increase and once adolescence has passed at about 17 years of age then it tends to decrease (Adolescent Delinquency, 2002). There are many factors that can contribute to the increase of delinquency during adolescence, some of the factors can be pe rsonality, mental disorders, genetics, economic status, environment, family, and cultureRead MoreThe General Strain Theory And Juvenile Delinquency1715 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The general strain theory is an established theory that provides a basic understanding relating to different elements leading to specific criminal behaviors. The theory has been of importance in trying to map criminal patterns among individuals involved in criminal behavior, thereby creating a platform for their rehabilitation. The general strain theory has had a close connection to juvenile delinquency, as it creates a platform where psychologists can define some of the key factorsRead MoreThe Pattern Of Juvenile Delinquency Is Strain Theory1156 Words   |  5 Pages Another relevant theory in regards to the pattern of juvenile delinquency is Strain Theory. In 1938, Robert Merton developed the theory of Strain to describe how social structures within society may pressure citizens (low socioeconomic status) to commit crimes. Merton felt that too much pressure to achieve goals, such as financial well-being, led to behaviors such as selling drugs. Merton’s theory relates to juvenile delinquency in that adolescents might experience overwhelming stress or pressureRead MoreRational Choice Theory For Juvenile Delinquency1774 Words   |  8 PagesChoice Theory The Rational Choice Theory, as more commonly referred to as Choice Theory, is a view as to why criminals commit crimes, and more importantly why juveniles choose to be delinquent. The problem of juvenile delinquency in keeping with this viewpoint, makes juvenile delinquency an individual problem and not a social problem. The Rational Choice theory will be detailed throughout this paper as well as the theory’s established ways in which the theorists believe juvenile delinquency can beRead MoreStrain Theory- An Explanation For Juvenile Delinquency Developed By Robert1055 Words   |  5 PagesCovington 22 October 2014 Prof. Joshua Wakeham I. Identifications 1. Strain Theory- An explanation for juvenile delinquency developed by Robert Merton in 1957. The Strain Theory focuses on the idea that Americans are expected to meet certain economic and social goals. Those who lack the means to carry out these goals turn to illegal ways to do so. Though this is true for many juveniles living below their means, the theory does not explain nonviolent crimes like white collar crimes. Also, manyRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Theories Stem From An Array Of Individual,829 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile Delinquency theories stem from an array of individual, social and environmental conditions, in so labeling certain causes as to why juveniles commit criminal acts. Juveniles are identified as minors-under the age of 18, in which are treated separately for criminal offenses. In the film Kids, delinquent behavior is constantly demonstrated throughout the progression of the film. The film depicts a group of sexually active teenagers in New York City. Many of the characters exhibited at-risk

Intercultural Communication Culture

Question: Discuss about theIntercultural Communicationfor Culture. Answer: Introduction Culture refers to values, beliefs and shared norms. It is a phenomenon that separates a community or organization from another community, (Mao Hale, 2015, p. 132). In the international business environment, culture is a vital factor in dictating the success of every enterprise. Managers of multinational organizations must, therefore, ensure efficient flow of information between the organization and the diverse cultural community, by designing appropriate intercultural communication strategies. In the modern business environment, organization share information across different social groups with diverse cultural beliefs, values, and norms. Intercultural communication is, therefore, an important phenomenon in ensuring effective communication between the organization and its stakeholders. As explained by Martin Nakayama (2015, p. 15) global enterprises recruit employees from diverse cultural orientations. Therefore, they must create intercultural communication channels to enable staff to interact effectively. Language differences between cultures also form a vital consideration as the information may get lost in translation. Multinational organizations such as IBM and Microsoft use the Internet as their main channel of interaction. Any information posted on the web will possibly become accessible to another person from a different culture. Hofstede developed six cultural orientations which include Collectivism versus Individualism, Power distance, Uncertainty avoidance index and Masculinity versus Femininity, Indulgence versus Restraint and Normative versus Pragmatic. Power distance is the existence of inequalities in the authority distribution, accepted by subordinates, (Taras et al., 2010). Individualism and collectivism, refer to the tendency of individuals to keep together as a family. Countries in Central America like Guatemala and Panama have very low individuality index, (Devinney Hohberger, 2016, p. 3). Therefore a marketing strategy that emphasizes on the Benefits to the community may be understood easily. In masculine societies, men are expected to take active roles in executing duties, while in feminine societies, women perform most of the duties, (Taras et al., 2010). Sweden has the lowest masculinity score while Japan has the highest score. Hofstede's model highlighted Greece as having the highest UAI while Singapore as having the lowest UAI, (Devinney Hohberger, 2016, p. 13). Multinational companies can use these orientations to develop proper communication procedures. They can do this by conducting a thorough PESTEL analysis. Personal Reflection. I consider the knowledge of this subject very vital to every manager and entrepreneur. In starting any business, the primary motive of every entrepreneur is always to gain profitability and expand its operations into the global market. With globalization and advancement in technology, an understanding of this topic would allow the organization to obtain customer trust and correlate efficiently with the variable cultural beliefs and values in the operating environment. The following are some of the reasons why I found this topic interesting: Supports globalization: The text typically supports globalization. It does this through equipping managers with the right skills that would enable them to ensure proper exchange and flow of information between diverse cultures. Most organizations operate foreign branches, (Daly et al., 2015, p. 27). They, therefore, use Knowledge from this topic to formulate clear communication strategies Enables organizations to respect cultural diversity: Using Hofstede's Model, the six cultural orientations describe the nature of cultures among different communities. When an organization uses this model effectively, it will be able to appreciate cultural diversity, (Taras et al., 2010). This in return makes employees from diverse cultures be able to work with the organization without having to adjust to unfavorable organizational values. Helps companies in designing their mission statement: The study of intercultural communication enables organizations to create an achievable mission statement. For example in New Zealand, people believe in equality and tend to question power difference, (Devinney Hohberger, 2016, p. 12). Knowledge of this subject would, therefore, enable the organization to formulate proper and adequate mission statements. Application of Intercultural Communication After acquiring enough knowledge and skills, I intend to form a retail company, with the main office in Australia and become the CEO. The Retail Company will have branches in New Zealand and Japan. Japan and New Zealand have different cultural orientations making it necessary to use Hofstedes model to develop a clear operational strategy. I intend to compete with companies like Woolworths which are well-developed in the global market. Since I am an Australian, understanding the New Zealand and Japanese cultures would enable me to conduct the following activities efficiently: Designing Leadership and Chain of Command: Japan has high power index. The less powerful individuals are likely to accept the unequal distribution of power, (Mao Hale, 2015, p. 120). Therefore, in the Japan store, I will come up with a well-structured chain of command. One director can control a large store as employees would not be willing to question the managers qualifications. In New Zealand, most people tend to question unequal power distribution. Therefore, I would ensure that Power is distributed equally among employees. Every employee would have distinct roles to play. This will create confidence and satisfaction among employees. Formulation of rules and values of the company: I will use Hofstedes model as a guideline in formulating standards and regulations to guide my company. Japan has high uncertainty avoidance index, (Yoshida et al., 2013, p. 78). I would develop strict rules and regulations to govern recruitment, marketing and general conduct of employees. This is because most employees in Japan tend to adhere to strict regulations. According to Chavez (2013, p. 86), most people in New Zealand accept new ideas. The marketing mix can therefore be altered to match the market conditions. The New Zealand residents are also less resistant to change, (Mao Hale, 2015, p. 141). It is, therefore, easier to test a new product in New Zealand. Recruitment and promotion: The Japanese believe in men more than women in leadership and accept the power difference. I will, therefore, have no problem in ensuring equality in management and promotion in Japan. In New Zealand, they believe in Femininity orientation and tend to question power difference, (Crossman Noma, 2013, p. 546)). I will therefore comfortably employ women to Management positions in the Stores. I will also formulate strict guidelines to ensure gender equality in employment and promotion. References Chvez, K.R., 2013. Pushing Boundaries: Queer Intercultural Communication.Journal of International and Intercultural Communication,6(2), pp.83-95. Crossman, J. Noma, H., 2013. Sunao as Character: Its Implications for Trust and Intercultural Communication within Subsidiaries of Japanese Multinationals in Australia.Journal of business ethics,113(3), pp.543-555. Daly, A., Hoy, S., Hughes, M., Islam, J. Mak, A.S., 2015. Using Group Work to Develop Intercultural Skills in the Accounting Curriculum in Australia.Accounting Education,24(1), pp.27-40. Devinney, T.M. Hohberger, J., 2016. The past is prolog: Moving on from Culture's Consequences. Journal of International Business Studies, pp.1-15. Mao, Y. Hale, C.L., 2015. Relating Intercultural Communication Sensitivity to Conflict Management Styles, Technology Use, and Organizational Communication Satisfaction in Multinational Organizations in China.Journal of Intercultural Communication Research,44(2), pp.132-150. Martin, J.N. Nakayama, T.K., 2015. Reconsidering Intercultural (Communication) Competence in the Workplace: A Dialectical Approach.Language and Intercultural Communication,15(1), pp.13-28. Taras, V., Kirkman, B.L. Steel, P., 2010. Examining the Impact of Culture's Consequences: a Three-decade, Multilevel, and Meta-analytic Review of Hofstede's Cultural Value Dimensions. Yoshida, T., Yashiro, K. and Suzuki, Y., 2013. Intercultural Communication Skills: What Japanese Businesses Today need.International Journal of Intercultural Relations,37(1), pp.72-85.

United States Expansion Essays - United States,

United States Expansion Throughout the first half of the 1800s or 19th century there were many factors influencing United States expansion. From the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 to the Gadsden Purchase in 1853 the United States had tripled in size since its original thirteen colonies and only paid forty-five million dollars in doing so. The idea of Manifest Destiny spread quickly throughout the country and soon thousands were moving westward in search of a new way of life. The idea of Manifest Destiny was for the U.S. to occupy the entire continent. The only problem was that the land it was expanding on to didnt belong to the U.S. One such factor that influenced the expansion of the U.S. was the occupation of nearby territories by foreign countries. The largest territory and first one to be bought by the U.S. was the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. In order for the United States to expand successfully into the west they needed control of the Mississippi River, which at the time was owned by France. The port at New Orleans was extremely important to the navigation of the Mississippi and provided a good market for trade. While this purchase was very successful, others did not go as well. Prior to the Mexican Cession of 1848 the United States and Mexico were having boundary disputes over where the Texas boarder existed. President Polk reacted by sending troops into Mexico to protect the Texas boundary lines. A year and a half later Mexico surrendered and Texas was granted the Rio Grande border line in the Treaty of Guadalupe. Because of the different nations or countries that owned land on the continent, the U.S. was forced to purchase or fight for the land it wanted. This caused the newly acquired territories to have a more diverse group of people, which affected the social development of the nation as a whole. Another huge factor that played a role in expansion was that of available resources. As the people began to move westward they would settle in areas with vast amounts of natural resources such as lakes or streams, where they could gather food. Lakes were very important to travel because they provided drinking water for the people and attracted wild animals to the area, which could be hunted for food. Also if an area were to dry or rocky it wouldnt be settled. People looked for the best places to live, places they could profit from the most. During the gold rush everyone traveled to the western coast in hopes of becoming rich for the very same reason. This factor affected the economical and social development of the U.S. because certain areas or regions would produce specific products. Different types of people would also live in the separate areas depending on wealth or trade that the family specified in. The third and maybe the greatest factor affecting the migration across the land was geography. Mountains, rivers, lakes, plains, and in some cases canyons were among the biggest impediments for people moving out west. At first people began to settle beyond the Appalachian Mountains and slowly moved westward towards the Mississippi River. Here they had to cross with their belongings safely without sinking them or getting them wet. Next they had to cross the Great Plains that stretched on for miles and miles without food or water. Depending on the time of year it was the weather conditions varied sometimes making it impossible to travel because of snow or heavy fog. Finally, the Rocky Mountains stood in their path. Being the only obstacle left between them and the Pacific Ocean, the Rocky Mountains were the most difficult to pass. Travelers would be lost or stranded in the mountains with no food for weeks, sometimes turning to cannibalism. Many people died from disease and starvation d uring their difficult trip west proving it to be virtually impossible to reach the other side of the continent. These natural barriers slowed the progress of expansion across America and isolated groups of people traveling, causing them to settle where they were. Because of this, small towns or villages formed along the routes west. The geography also contributed to the social development of America as the barriers isolated

Learn to Spell by Phonograms, not Letters

Learn to Spell by Phonograms, not Letters Learn to Spell by Phonograms, not Letters Learn to Spell by Phonograms, not Letters By Maeve Maddox In the 1970s, educational research indicated that less than one per cent of the population suffered what has come to be called dyslexia (a disturbance of the ability to read). Now the estimate is from 5 to 15 per cent. As early as 1955 Rudolf Flesch pointed out the disconnect between modern teaching methods and the ability to read (or spell) in Why Johnny Cant Read and What You Can Do About It. After half a century, Fleschs book remains a thorn in the side of the advocates of the sight method of teaching children to read. Parents of young children would do well to read it. I once tutored a child who looked at the word April and read it as May. He knew that the word represented the name of a month because hed been taught the names of the months in context. He apparently did not know how to decipher it by its spelling. Adult readers recognize words by sight. Experienced readers can recognize words if only some of the letters are showing. They can recognize them if the words are upside down. This ability comes from having seen the words hundreds or thousands of times. Beginning readers, however, need systematic instruction in approaching words from left to right, phonogram by phonogram. To develop confidence and fluency in readingand the ability to spellthey need to begin with words like hat, cot, and bin before encountering words like know, they, or eight. (The latter three words are on the Dolch List taught to beginning readers with the use of flashcards.) NOTE: The use of flashcards to develop instant word recognition is a useful techniquebut only after the beginning reader has been taught the phonetic elements of the word being drilled. Its counterproductive to expose a beginner who knows only the 26 letters of the alphabet to words spelled with sounds represented by letter combinations like th, kn, ay, igh, and eigh. Relatively few of the common words on the Dolch List defy the effort to sound them out by their phonograms. Those few, like once and warm, are easily taught as exceptions. The most efficient way to learn to spell a word is to approach it phonogram by phonogram, and not letter by letter. A phonogram is a written symbol that stands for a sound. The word pal, for example, contains three letters, each of which is also a phonogram: /p-a-l/. The word church , on the other hand, contains six letters, but only three phonograms: /ch-ur-ch/. Here are some phonograms to look for when analyzing a words spelling: Consonant phonograms: b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z, sh, th, ch, ng, ck, wh, kn, gn, wr, ph, dge, gh, ti, si, ci, pn, rh, and qu. Vowel (and semi-vowel) phonograms: a, e, i, o, u, y, ee, ay, ai, ow, ou, oy, oi, aw, au, ew, ui, oo, ea, ar, er, ir, ur, or, ed, or, oa, ey, ei, ie, igh, eigh, oe, ough, and eu. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Meaning of "To a T"Time Words: Era, Epoch, and EonAppropriate vs. Apropos vs. Apt

Beijing Marathon and Pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Beijing Marathon and Pollution - Essay Example According to Chang, during the last decade, China has undergone massive industrialization that has really transformed its economy and further catalyzed economic growth and prosperity (30). However, the industrialization has endangered the lives of Chinese people mostly in urban areas due to high levels of pollution. China is the world’s biggest consumer and it is estimated that the country consumes almost four billion tonnes of coal. The country has over-relied on coal for electricity production and thus the high and increasing levels of pollution. However, recently the Chinese government implemented a plan to close fifty thousand coal furnaces in order to curb the increasingly high levels of smog in its skyline. On the other hand, they have decided to clean all their furnaces so as to use clean pure coal rather than the use of dusty coal leading to high levels of air pollution. The growth of industries is another contributing factor to increase in air pollution. Bejin is a metropolitan city that is surrounded by industries. In the nearby province of Hebei is home to more than eight hundred polluting factories. Beijing is also home to steal manufacturing industries that emit pollutants into the atmosphere. Furthermore, pollution from Hebei is swept by the wind into Beijin thus making the city to be ranked among the World’s most polluted cities. On the contrary, Beijin faces high traffic on its roads. As such, the increased number of vehicles emit smog into the atmosphere causing the air around Bejin to be impure with small chemical pollutants of PM2.5. In addition, China’s industries and the government have failed in regulating the amount of chemicals industries emit. The government should have implemented fines for industries emitting more into the atmosphere. On the other hand, the industries have failed in installing carbon absorbing materia ls into chimneys so as to limit the level of atmospheric pollution. The case of China’s Bejin Marathon is a depicts failure by rich nations to observe the Kyoto protocol to reduce emissions into the atmosphere on a meaningful scale.

Improving Organisational Performance Assignment - 2

Improving Organisational Performance - Assignment Example Management requires higher attention towards proper understanding of individual differences, needs and behaviors, and any technicalities to facilitate their understanding and management of the organizational complexities. Even though organizational performance is an idea that is perceived through the accurate measures of efficiency, effectiveness and adaptability, its enhancement begins at the bottom most level of elements composed of these measures. A manager has therefore to analyze individual performance measures in order to initiate the process of performance improvement. The main issues to be addressed in the performance improvement process include keeping focus on the measurable results, success driven by employee empowerment, measurement of results to be delivered immediately, and building on the present success for the projection of future success (Armstrong, 1994). Requirements set by the performance improvement process do present some complexities and therefore requires sol utions by an appropriate methodological approach, capable of leading the entire process form the general perspective to a detailed insight and as well from an abstract insight to more practical solutions as can be used within an organization (Alasdair A. K., 1995). In addition, the modeled approach should be pragmatic enough to be applied to an existing setback, which thereafter leads to the requirement of designing processes involving a number of stages of the organizational performance improvement process. Elements of project organization structure The organizational structure of a project is made up of five key elements which include: i. Program Committee This is a temporary body set up to organize and coordinate the workflow of the entire performance improvement program, and also give directives in the program implementation strategies. A program committee consists of a chairperson of the board, top management members, and the program manager; and is headed by the CEO of the cor poration. ii. Program Manager A program manager is an expert and a technocrat who is responsible for the program implementation, appointed by the program committee. He/she is charged with the duties of coordinating of individual project teams, sensitizing the program committee of the status of the ongoing activities, cooperative planning of project activities with the project managers, cooperative design of the project network charts with project managers, and controlling of the implementation of solutions reached within the project. iii. Project committee This is a group of experts, who organize and coordinate the workflow of any individual project and directing its implementation in accordance to the common program plan. A project committee is a collection of both the experts delegated by organization owners and the staff experts to ensure full implementation of the program. The project manager is also a member of the project committee to ensure effective communication between the project committee and the project teams. iv. Project team This consists of experts who are actively involved in the implementation of the project’s activities. Its membership is based on full-time basis. Positions on the project team include the project manager and the project team members. Within the project team is the project manager who is an expert mandated to directly manage the implementation of project activities. A project manager is appointed by the project commi

Detection of Copy Move Forgery

Detection of Copy Move Forgery J.Reethrose B.E., Dr. J. P. Ananth M.E., Ph.D., Abstract—Digital images are easy to manipulate and edit using some editing software. So it is difficult to identify the duplicate images. Copy-move manipulations are common form of local processing, where parts of an image are copied and reinserted into another part of the same image. The problem of detecting the copy-move forgery describes an efficient and reliable detection and detects duplicate image regions. Most detection algorithm focused on pixel basis. In this paper propose a new approach to detect forgery image such scale, rotate, etc. Keywords—copy-move forgery, SIFT, LSH, RANSAC. INTRODUCTION Copy-move forgery is one of image tampering, were a part of the image is copied and pasted on another part of the same image. This copy-move forgery is easily done by some editing software such as Adobe Photoshop. Normally the human eye does not easily find out the copied region. The regions may be scaling or rotation type of manipulations. The goal of copy-move forgery is detecting duplicate image regions. The most common image manipulation techniques involve the following Removal of objects from the image. Addition of objects in the image. Change the objects appearance in the image. The most common of these three manipulations is removal of undesired objects from the image. Digital image forgery detection techniques are classified into active and passive approaches. In active approach, the digital image requires some pre-processing such as watermark embedding or signature generation at the time of creating the image, which would limit of their application in practice. Moreover, there are millions of digital images in internet without digital signature or watermark. In such scenario active approach could not be used to find the authentication of the image. Unlike the watermark-based and signature-based methods; the passive technology does not need any digital signature generated or watermark embedded in advance. Fig 1.1 Classification of Forgery detection techniques GENERAL DETECTION PROCEDURE Copy move manipulations result in duplicate image regions, which practical forensic analyses examine in terms of robust feature representations of parts of the image. Analyzing the image is very important before the preprocessing. After optional preprocessing (e.g., color to grayscale conversion), the image is transformed to the feature space. Feature representation is finding the duplicate region. There are so many methods used to find the duplicate image such as DCT (Discrete Cousine Transform), DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform), and PCD (Principal Component Analysis). A set of feature vectors represents local image characteristics and is inspected for similarities in a matching procedure. This is achieved either by splitting the image into small blocks, which are then transformed separately, or by finding salient key points and extracting feature vectors based thereon. The matching procedure is finding the similarity of duplicate image blocks. Some of the matching algorithms are k- d tree, Sorting, Nearest Neighbour Search, and Hashing. Similar feature vectors or their corresponding coordinates in the image plane. False positives in the matching procedure are pruned in a final error reduction step. The error reduction step is finding the duplicate image region. Fig 2.1 General copy move detection pipeline PROPOSED SYSTEM Accordingly, digital image forensics has emerged as a new research field that aims to reveal tampering operations in digital images. A common manipulation in tampering with digital images is known as region duplication, where a continuous portion of pixels is copied and pasted to a different location in the same image. To make convincing forgeries, the duplicated regions are often created with geometrical or illumination adjustments. There are various method used in the existing system. DWT (Discrete Wave Transform) used to reduce dimensionality reduction. But it does not find the rotation and scaling. Lexicographic Sorting and Counting Bloom Filters are also used in the existing system. But it cannot find solution of scaling and rotation. It does not remove the noise. The Zernike moment is easy way to find the copy (-rotate-) move forgery. This method is still weak against scaling or the other tempering based on Affine transform. Existing System has the drawback of computational com plexity and does not find accuracy of the duplicate image regions. In recent years, several methods have been proposed to detect region duplication for the purpose of image forensics. These methods are based on finding pixel blocks that are exact copies of each other in an image. Such methods are most effective for the detection of region copy-move, where a region of pixels is pasted without any change to another location in the image. A common form of digital tampering is Copy-Move forgery, in which a part of the image itself is copied and pasted into another part of the same image to conceal an important object. Because the copied part come from the same image, its important properties, such as noise, Shape, color and texture, will be compatible with the rest of the image and thus will be more difficult to distinguish and detect. In the preprocessing stage the RGB image is converted into grayscale image. Apply SIFT algorithm using to find the keypoints. SIFT Algorithm is used to detect the keypoint localization. Good keypoints and features should represent distinct locations in an image, be efficient to compute and robust to local geometrical distortion, noise, illumination variations and other degradations. Here, present SIFT features detection method to find the duplicate. Specifically, to detect the locations, of potential duplicated regions, we first detect SIFT keypoints in an image. The detected keypoints are matched using hashing algorithm. We can use the matched SIFT keypoints to estimate the affine transform parameters, but the obtained results are inaccurate due to the large number of mismatched keypoints. To find out the unreliable keypoints we use Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) algorithm then use the Affine transform. Finally detect the duplicate region. The following diagram shows the way to find the copy move forgery. Raw image is considered as the forgery image. Normally the raw image is RGB image. That RGB image is converting into gray scale. This is the preprocessing stage. Noise removal also includes the preprocessing stage. The steps involved in proposed method as follows. First step to find out the keypoints using SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform). Find the keypoints then perform the matching keypoints procedure. Matching keypoints is using the Locality Sensitive Hashing (LSH). Matching is easy to find out the hash buckets. This hash is found the similar values or keypoints. Duplicate region is detected after matching. Find the duplicate region using the RANSAC (RANdom SAMple Consensus) algorithm. Fig 3.1 Block diagram of forgery detection A. Finding keypoints In the preprocessing stage the RGB image is converted into grayscale image. Apply SIFT algorithm for finding the keypoints. SIFT algorithm consist of the following stages: Scale-space extrema detection Keypoint localization Orientation assignment Generation of keypoint descriptors Good keypoints and features should represent distinct locations in an image, be efficient to compute and robust to local geometrical distortion, illumination variations, noise and other degradations. Here, to present a new region duplication detection methods based on the image SIFT features. Specifically, to detect the locations, of potential duplicated regions, first detect SIFT keypoints in an image. And compute the SIFT features for such keypoints. To ensure the obtained feature vector invariant to rotation and scaling, the size of the neighborhood is determined by the dominant scale of the keypoint, and all gradients within are aligned with the keypoints dominant orientation dominant orientation. B. Matching keypoints The similar keypoints can be found out using Locality Sensitive Hashing (LSH) technique. Previous year a k-d tree algorithm used to detect the keypoint. This is taken more time search to compute the similar values. Locality Sensitive Hashing easy to detect the similar values. Locality-sensitive hashing(LSH) is a method of performing probabilisticdimension reductionof high-dimensional data. The basic idea is tohashthe input items so that similar items are mapped to the same buckets with high probability (the number of buckets being much smaller than the universe of possible input items). This is different from the conventional hash functions, such as those used incryptographyas in this case the goal is to maximize probability of collision of similar items rather than avoid collisions. C. Duplicate Region RANSAC algorithm used to detect the error. This means SIFT produce the keypoints then Locality Sensitive Hashing used to find the similar keypoints. Locality Sensitive Hashing has the bucket. Each bucket contains the index that index contain the values of keypoints. RANSAC algorithm reduces the error. Instead of RANSAC using the Affine transformation. So it will easily to find out the error of scale, rotation and transformation of copy move forgery detection. CONCLUSION In particular the human eye does not easily find out the copied region. The regions may be scaling or rotation type of manipulations. The goal of copy-move forgery is detecting duplicate image regions. Copy move forgery is difficult to identify the duplicate image region. SIFT is used to detect the keypoints of given image. SIFT is Scale Invariant Feature Transform. So it focused to detect the Scale and transformation. Good keypoints and features should represent distinct locations in an image, be efficient to compute and robust to local geometrical distortion, illumination variations, noise and other degradations. Here, we present a new region duplication detection method based on the image SIFT features. Locality Sensitive Hashing detects the similar keypoints. Finally RANSAC algorithm used to find the duplicate image region. REFERENCE [1] Rohini. R. Maind, Alka Khade, D. K. Chitre â€Å"Robust Image Copy move Forgery Detection† International Journal of Advanced and Innovative Research (IJAIR) ISSN: 2278-7844, Vol. 2, Issue 8, 2013. [2] Yanjun Cao, Tiegang Gao , Li Fan , Qunting Yang â€Å"A robust detection algorithm for copy-move forgery in digital images† Forensic Science International 214 (2012). [3] Reza Oji â€Å"An Automatic Algorithm for Object Recognition and Detection Based On ASIFT Keypoints† Signal Image Processing: An International Journal (SIPIJ) Vol.3, No.5, October 2012. [4] Pradyumna Deshpande, Prashasti Kanikar, â€Å"Pixel Based Digital Image Forgery Detection Techniques† International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) Vol-2, Issue 3, May-June 2012. [5] B.L.Shivakumar, Dr. S.Santhosh Baboo, â€Å"Automated Forensic Method for Copy-Move Forgery Detection based on Harris Interest Points and SIFT Descriptors† International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 27– No.3, August 2011 [6] Xunyu Pan and Siwei Lyu,† Detecting Image Region Duplication Using Sift Features† IEEE, ICASSP, Dallas, USA 2010. [7] Seung-Jin Ryu, Min-Jeong Lee, and Heung-Kyu Lee, â€Å"Detection of Copy-Rotate Move Forgery Using Zernike Moments† International Conference on Information Hiding 2010. [8] Saiqa Khan, Arun Kulkarni, â€Å"Reduced Time Complexity for Detection of Copy-Move Forgery Using Discrete Wavelet Transform† International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 6– No.7, September 2010. [9] Sevinc Bayram, Husrev Taha Sencar, Nasir Memon, â€Å"An Efficient and Robust Method for Detecting Copy-Move Forgery† International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing – 2009. [10] Tehseen Shahid, Atif Bin Mansoor â€Å"Copy-Move Forgery Detection Algorithm for Digital Images and a New Accuracy Metric† International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, Vol 2, No. 2, November 2009. [11] Aristides gionis, piote indyk, Rajeev motwani â€Å"Similarity search in high dimension via hashing 1999. [12] Prof. Unmukh Datta, Chetna Sharma â€Å"Analysis of Copy-Move Image Forgery Detection† International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Electronics Engineering (IJARCSEE) Volume 2, Issue 8, August 2013 [13] Frank Y. Shih and Yuan Yuan â€Å"A Comparison Study on Copy-Cover Image Forgery Detection† The Open Artificial Intelligence Journal, 2010, 4, 49-54 49

Comparing the Act of Creation in Grendel and Frankenstein Essay

The Act of Creation in Grendel and Frankenstein   Ã‚   Man has always been driven to create. We constantly shape the world around us by inventing stories of heroes and monsters, by crafting complex but passionate ideals about good and evil. Some relish in the power that this manipulation of reality wields; others are more innocent in that they are simply yielding to a universal longing for something in which to believe.    In both John Gardner's Grendel and Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, creation is a central theme. Victor Frankenstein is inexplicably driven to make a creature like himself, though he doesn't have any external reason for doing so. The monster himself enacts a kind of creation; he seeks to understand the truth of human nature by reading man's works, but also indulges in his own stories and fantasies of a life lived among friends. Shelley explores to some extent the morality of such creation (at least on the part of Victor Frankenstein), but Gardner is more interested in what the act of creation reveals about the nature of existence.    In Grendel, nearly all of the characters are driven to shape the world to their ideas. Hrothgar spends his life crafting a government. Grendel's mother is described as loving her son "not for myself, my holy specialness, but for my son-ness, my displacement of air as visible proof of her power (138)." Both Grendel and the Shaper constantly seek the ability to reshape reality with words. While they have differing motives, all of these acts of creation give power and significance to the creator. As Baby Grendel desperately convinces himself, it is the act of observing and commenting on what is outside that makes one real: "I understood that, finally ... ...endel would undoubtedly un-create if he really had that power. He understands too late. His death is as necessary as the death of a tree in winter; a new morning lies in wait for the Danes, as it does for all men in the circle of living and dying.    Works Cited and Consulted    Boyd, Stephen. York Notes on Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. Longman York Press, 1992.    Gardner, John. Grendel. Vintage Books, 1989.    Patterson, Arthur Paul. A Frankenstein Study. http://www.watershed.winnipeg.mb.ca/Frankenstein.html    Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus. Edited with an Introduction and notes by Maurice Hindle. Penguin books, 1992      Strehle, Susan. "John Gardner's Novels: Affirmation and the Alien." Contemporary Literary Criticism. Ed. Dedria Bryfonski. Vol. 10. Detroit: Gale Research, 1979. 218 -219.

Effects of Stress on Grades

Students at universities worldwide oftentimes find stress to be a part of everyday life. Stress is defined as the way one responds to the changes and demands of life either emotionally, physically, or mentally. Stress is registered in one’s â€Å"fight or flight† response. When an exciting or dangerous event occurs changes take place in the body to prepare the person to deal with the stressful situation. After the stressful situation has subsided the body returns to a normal state. The constant stress of being a college student does not allow the body to return to a normal state so a student may never be able to fully relax. This can lead to stress overload (Bower, 2010). Many factors can affect a student’s academic performance and grades. The National College Health Assessment of 2004 shows that the most significant impediment to effective listening, retaining information, and studying is stress. Stress is noted to be the number one cause of poor academic functioning in a student above other problems like depression, illness, eating disorders, death of a family member, and even sexual assault. The study reviewed 47,202 college students and 32. 4% listed stress as the number one barrier to schoolwork (Temple, 2006). Many college students have multiple stressors. Most are taking multiple classes, working full-time jobs, have family members to take care of, are working long hours at unpaid internship sites, or any combination of these. Many college students must deal with the stress of just leaving home and no longer benefiting from familial support. Relationship problems may begin to develop between the student and the friends, families, or significant others that have been left at home. This overload of responsibility and worry can lead to a lack of sleep and improper nutrition, which can cause difficulty in school (Bower, 2010). Proper nutrition may become a problem for a student because he or she may be unable to grocery shop on a regular basis. Other problems with nutrition occur because a student who is living in a dormitory may be unable to cook proper meals and unable to store large quantities of food. Some students new to living without parents may not have the knowledge to cook a decent meal. Others simply do not have the time to eat properly. Without proper nutrition the brain does not function properly and the student may have difficulty concentrating on schoolwork (Womble, 2002). Maintaining employment while attending college can also be a source of stress. This stress may come from working long hours that can make the student too tired to focus on his or her studies or working long hours may lead to attendance problems at school. Mentally focusing on both work life and school life can be exhausting for a student and can lead to increased amounts of stress. The number of hours a student spends at work can be directly related to that student’s grade point average (GPA) because the more time a student spends at work, the less time that student can spend studying (Womble, 2002). Sleep, or lack of, is the most important factor on a student’s GPA. Many college students do not sleep enough during the week to properly rest the body and mind. Lack of sleep has been shown to increase anxiety and stress. Simple sleep patterns like waking earlier during the weekdays than on the weekends have also been shown to affect the GPA of a student (Womble, 2002). Not all college students complain of experiencing stress, many do. Although some stress is good for a person and may be energizing or motivating, it is important for a person to recognize and be able to manage bad stress before it spirals out of control and has a negative effect. Coping mechanisms are important for anyone but may prove to be more so for a college student. Coping mechanisms include sleeping enough, spending time doing fun activities, relaxing, and practicing time management. Developing ones communication, writing, and test taking skills is important to reduce stress. Engaging in physical activity, reading a book that is not school related, or getting a massage are ways to reduce stress and relax. Daily use of a planner to track assignment due dates and upcoming project deadlines is useful for staying on track with studies (Bower, 2010). Coping mechanisms come from within, from something called personality hardiness. The idea of personality hardiness first came to be with regard to protecting business executives from the health effects of stress. This concept involves having a sense of control and commitment. Commitment means that a person can view the world as a meaningful place and he or she seeks to be involved in the world rather than withdrawn from it. Control shows that a person believes he or she can influence events that take place in his or her world. Personality hardiness means that a person may not feel threatened by changes to his or her environment. Theoretically, a student with personality hardiness should be able to adapt to the changes that come with enrollment in school, taking multiple classes, maintaining employment, and family obligations without stress overload. The result should mean that a student takes on the new challenges with less stress and instead turns the stressful events into opportunities for growth and personal development (Hystad, Eid, Laberg, Johnsen, & Bartone, 2009). Two studies have been performed by Lifton and colleagues. These studies assessed the personality hardiness of individuals throughout the college years. These studies had newly arriving college students complete hardiness measures and found a positive interrelationship between persistence and the student’s graduation date four years later. The hardiness scores among those who did not complete four years of college were lower than those who did not drop out. The scores on the hardiness exams were not directly related to scores on entrance exams or high academic ability. Personality hardiness is not based on a person’s academic ability but rather a person’s attitude or the manner in which he or she approaches life’s challenges (Hystad et al. , 2009). Though the information contained in the numerous studies that have been done regarding stress and the college student’s ability to achieve a decent GPA is helpful to understanding stress and how it affects different people there are always exceptions to every rule. Although it is true that every person handles stressful situations in his or her own unique way there are many resources available to help a college student achieve passing grades regardless of the stress factor. At the same time, there are many choices a college student makes that adds to the amount of stress he or she carries in everyday life. Many times when a college student is sleep deprived it is that he or she has made the choice to be sleep deprived. Staying up all night partying is common among college students as going off to college may be the first time the student has had the opportunity to do so and many consider it to be a bonding experience or a way to make friends in a new place. Grabbing a less than stellar meal from the nearest fast food joint or having a pizza delivered is oftentimes a choice that a student makes rather than a necessity. Eating a meal like this is easier than shopping for a meal, cooking a meal, and cleaning up after a meal. Eating on the run may also be what â€Å"all of the other kids are doing† and again it is a way to fit in. Whereas it is true that some students must maintain employment while attending school this may not have to be the stressor that it often is. Time management skills can come in handy when trying to juggle work and school. Taking time to relax is one of the most important and effective ways of reducing stress. This can; however, oftentimes be misconstrued and taken out of context. One of the worst, and most common, pastimes college students use to relax is drinking alcoholic beverages. Binge drinking can be very detrimental to schoolwork as this can do away with a person’s judgment skills, time management skills, and a person’s healthy well-being. Research shows that binge drinking affects approximately 50% of college students (Stunn, n. d. ). Binge drinking can lead to missing classes because the student may be to hung-over to attend or if the student does manage to attend the mind and body may not be functioning at full capacity and may lead to an inability to concentrate and retain information. When this kind of drinking is done night after night it can lead to many absences or missed assignments, which can compound a student’s stress level by having to make up the work or complete the work in a shorter time with little to no instruction This information would be recommended to others in the class because as students stress will be an important factor during not only college years but also in future years as well. It is important that as an individual a person has coping mechanisms to deal with stress to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Research done on the topic of how stress can negatively affect a student’s GPA is important in learning how to better deal with the stressors in one’s life to overcome barriers and achieve the goals he or she has set. Enrolling in college is a big step in which nobody intentionally sets up to fail. Whereas there are many changes that a college student must adapt to there are an equal number of services both on campus and off that will help a student overcome the barriers to effective learning and to become a better student despite the changes in life. Learning ways to manage time, learning to make choices that will facilitate not only a healthy relationship with peers but also a healthy lifestyle, and learning to cope with the sometimes daily changes in life is part of growing up and moving into the adult world.

Literature Review Behavioural Responses of Student...

Bullying is a serious occurrence that is plaguing youth all over the globe. Bullying, a form of aggression, can be experienced in four forms: physical, verbal, social or cyber (Oh Hazler, 2009; Trach, Hymel, Waterhouse Neale, 2010). However, all bullying is composed of three specific concepts—causing their victims harm, possessing greater power then their victims and repetition (Oh Hazler, 2009). Read into the definition of â€Å"bullying† and one would simply identify a bully and a victim yet they would likely fail to identify a key influence: bystanders. It is their impact on bullying that can create serious problems therefore understanding the bystander’s role is vital in trying to decrease the occurrence of bullying (Oh Hazler,†¦show more content†¦Conversely, defenders are the individuals who intervene and use anti-bullying or prosocial behaviour, meaning that they voluntarily act in ways that benefit others (Oh Hazler, 2009;Thornberg, 2007). Trach, Hymel, Waterhouse and Neale (2010) and Thornberg (2007) recall statistics that suggest bystanders use 54% of their time to reinforce the bully by passively watching, 21% to actively encourage the bully and only 25% to intervene and defend the bully. It is important to understand these categories because they help further understand the influence of these bystanders and their reasoning for their behaviours. Although all of the research is interested in bystander behaviour, the approach of the researcher seems to differ in that they are either interested in predictors of behaviour or the reasoning behind bystander behaviour. Predictors such as gender, grade, past experiences with bullying, type of bullying witnessed and friendship dynamics have displayed some significant trends (Oh Hazler, 2009; Trach, Hymel, Waterhouse and Neale, 2010). For example, researchers identify strong and consistent trends that indicate girls are more likely to support victims with positive actions w hile boys were more likely to report doing nothing (Oh Hazler, 2009; Trach, Hymel, Waterhouse and Neale, 2010). Furthermore, older students were far more passive or aggressive in actions while younger students were more willing to takeShow MoreRelatedLiterature Review: Behavioural Responses of Student Bystanders in Situations of Bullying970 Words   |  4 PagesBullying, a form of aggression, can be experienced in several forms: physical, verbal, social or cyber. All bullying is composed of three specific concepts—causing their victims harm, possessing greater power than their victims and repetition (Oh Hazler, 2009). Most often it is just the bully and a victim taken into consideration yet this fails to identify a key influence: bystanders. It is their impact on bullying that creates serious problems thus understanding the bystander’s role is vitalRead MoreThe Impact Of Self Esteem On The Relationship Between Empathy And Cyberbullying7843 Words   |  32 Pages a nd denigration (Best, Manktelow, Taylor, 2014). Cyberbullying has moved bullying from beyond the traditional school yard harassment into the home, and into the once safe domain of an adolescent’s bedroom. Thus, for many cybervictims this often means there is little or no escape from the harassment, abuse, and denigration. The purpose of the current literature review is twofold: (a) to provide a narrative review of the research on cyberbullying among adolescents, including definitions, prevalence